Opinion: Actively and orderly develop hydrogen energy and create a good industrial ecology
Time：2022/3/24 14:57:41 Tag：Hydrogen energy, industry, technology, safety, adapting measures to local conditions, cooperation
Under the eager expectation of the industry and the high attention at home and abroad, the boots issued in the "Medium and Long-term Plan for the Development of Hydrogen Energy Industry (2021-2035)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") have finally landed. This is my country's first medium and long-term plan for the hydrogen energy industry. . The "Plan" makes a top-level design and active deployment for the development of hydrogen energy in my country. For the first time, it is clear that hydrogen energy is an integral part of the future national energy system. It is necessary to give full play to the supporting role of hydrogen energy in carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. At the same time, the "Planning" also proposes that my country's hydrogen energy industry is still in its infancy, and there is still room for improvement in key core technologies, industrial foundations, and management norms. To promote the high-quality development of the hydrogen energy industry, the following aspects need to be done well.
1. The development of the hydrogen energy industry must adhere to the safety first
In the past two years, many hydrogen explosion accidents in the world have sounded the alarm for the safety management of hydrogen energy. Recently, there have also been explosion accidents caused by the leakage of the hose used for hydrogen transfer in my country. Looking at the hydrogen safety incidents at home and abroad in the past two years, South Korea has occurred in hydrogen production, the United States has occurred in storage and transportation, Norway has occurred in hydrogen refueling stations, and China is the failure of common equipment at hydrogen refueling stations, which basically covers the hydrogen energy supply system. In the early stage of industrial development, if safety accidents occur frequently, it will have a serious impact on the industry. The "Plan" pointed out that my country should take safety as an inherent requirement for the development of the hydrogen energy industry, establish and improve the hydrogen energy safety supervision system and standards as soon as possible, and strengthen the prevention of major safety risks in the entire industry chain such as production, storage, transportation, processing, and use. and control to improve the safety management level of the whole process. Oil and gas are both hazardous chemicals, but due to the establishment of relatively complete standards, norms and supervision systems for safe production and supply, risks are locked in the "system cage".
2. Carry out terminal applications and international cooperation under the premise of independent and controllable technology
At present, some core key technologies, key materials and equipment manufacturing in the industrial chain have not yet been independently controllable, and the basic materials and hydrogenation equipment of hydrogen energy storage and transportation containers are still largely dependent on imports. In this case, terminals should be expanded in an orderly manner application market. The current hydrogen energy technology research forces are not concentrated enough, and there is a phenomenon of fighting against each other. We should give full play to the advantages of the new national system, through industrial development alliances, national innovation platforms and other mechanisms, relying on leading enterprises in the industrial chain to create a combination of attack and association, and comprehensively improve basic research , cutting-edge technologies and original innovation capabilities, break through key core technologies as soon as possible, and speed up the localization process. At the same time, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between international cooperation and independent innovation, and strive to achieve a high level of "dual circulation". It is necessary to avoid the "self-circulation" of closing the country and prevent the domestic market from becoming a "testing ground" for foreign technology iteration.
3. The local layout of the hydrogen energy industry should be adapted to local conditions
Keep thinking cold in hydrogen heat. Some places regard the hydrogen energy industry as an important new driving force to cultivate, and have carried out the layout of the whole industry chain. There is a lack of objective analysis of the comparative advantages of the local development of the hydrogen energy industry, showing a trend of high enthusiasm and intensified competition. At present, local governments are gradually promulgating and formulating hydrogen energy industry plans, implementation plans and guidance, and put forward development goals such as fuel cells, fuel cell vehicles, and hydrogen refueling stations, and are actively promoting the development of the local hydrogen energy industry. my country's resource and energy endowments are diverse, and there is a lot of room for manoeuvre in energy selection and economic regulation. Each region should proceed from reality, systematically plan and rationally plan in terms of their respective resource endowments, industrial base, market carrying capacity, and local financial resources. You can't follow the trend and blindly engage in performance projects.
4. Gradually drive the diverse applications of hydrogen energy with pilot demonstrations
At present, my country's hydrogen energy industry has the problem of "over-concentration" to a certain extent. When deploying hydrogen energy application scenarios in various places, "swarms" get together to build vehicles, which is also an aspect of the targeted deployment of the "Planning". The "Planning" emphasizes that it is necessary to actively play the role of planning guidance and policy incentives, and promote the rational layout of the hydrogen energy industry in combination with its own basic conditions, so as to realize the healthy, orderly and agglomerated development of the industry; Areas with sufficient market space and practical experience in commercialization will steadily carry out pilot demonstrations; adhere to the combination of points and lines, and take points to areas, actively expand the application scenarios of hydrogen energy, and gradually promote the realization of diversified applications of hydrogen energy in transportation, energy storage, industry and other fields.
5. Realize the green development of hydrogen energy and drive the large-scale application of renewable energy with the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality as the guide
According to the estimates of industry organizations, by 2060, when carbon neutrality is achieved, my country's fossil energy consumption will be greatly reduced, and the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will increase from less than 16% at present to more than 80%. 34% increased to around 90%. Due to the high cost of renewable energy development and utilization, many people in the industry support the large-scale utilization of fossil energy for hydrogen production. Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the "Planning" determines that hydrogen production from renewable energy is the main development direction. The installed capacity of renewable energy in my country ranks first in the world, and it has huge potential in the supply of "green hydrogen". With the large-scale promotion of renewable energy, the cost of electricity is expected to continue to decline, thereby further reducing the cost of hydrogen production. Hydrogen energy has the advantages of long-term and large-scale energy storage, which can drive the large-scale development of renewable energy in China, promote the integrated development of hydrogen energy, electric energy, and thermal energy systems, and provide support for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy. (Source: Jing Chunmei, researcher and director of the Scientific Research Information Department of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges)